Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a in-depth analysis of the toxicity linked with upconversion nanoparticles. It examines various aspects, in

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable ability to protect delicate skin. This soothing element has long been utilized in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective characteristics. Establishing a physical defense on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively reflects harmf